Electricity Distribution Network Design Training

• Electric Power Transmission and Distribution Engineering Training
• Electrical Power Systems for Non-Engineers Training
• Energy Storage Training
• Introduction to Power System Operation Training
• Microgrid Certification Training
• Microgrid Systems Engineering Training
• Microgrid Training Overview
• Microgrid Training Crash Course
• Power System Engineering Training
• Power System Fundamentals for Engineers

Power Systems General Background  

• Basic Concepts
• Electricity Supply Industry
• Transmission System Operator (TSO)
• Transmission System Asset Owner (TAO)
• Distribution System Operator (DSO)

Basic Network Theory

• Synchronous Machines
• Balanced Short Circuit analysis
• Synchronous Generators in parallel
• Generator Operation on Infinite Bus
• Synchronous Machine Characteristics
• Salient Pole Generators
• Automatic Voltage Regulators
• Lines, Cables, and Transformers
• Overhead Line types and parameters
• Representation of Lines
• Parameters of Underground Cables
• Transformers
• Voltage Characteristics of Loads
• Control of Power & Frequency
• System Monitoring & Control
• System Security & Emergency Control
• Basic Power System Economics
• Basic Pricing Principles
• Supply-side and Demand-side options
• Load Management and Spot Pricing
• Electricity Pricing and Markets
• Demand Side Management
• Transmission and Distribution Charging Mechanisms

Electricity Distribution Network Design Considerations

Reliability

• Sizing conductors for load and for voltage drop
• Planning Distribution Networks
• Technical Considerations
• Equipment
• HV Networks And Substations
• Distribution Substations And LV Networks
• Special Loads
• Network Voltage Performance
• Computer Based Planning

What is a Distribution Network?

• Introduction
• Scope
• Regulatory and Economic Aspects
• Power Electronics in the Future Distribution Grid
• Virtual Power Systems for Active Networks
• Smart Grids
• Introduction to Distribution Systems and Power Circuit Analysis
• Distribution Transformers, Grounding, and Protection
• Distribution Surge Protection
• Understanding System Losses
• Substation Engineering and Design
• Distribution Planning and Reliability Assessment
• Distributed Generation and Energy Storage Applications on Power Systems
• Low-voltage Secondary Networks
• Power Distribution System Economics

Structure and Characteristics of Distribution Network

• Introduction
• Characteristics of Distribution Networks
• Impacts of Distributed Generation on the Electrical Network
• Photovoltaic Systems Connected to the Network
• Voltage Control in Distribution Systems with Dispersed Generation
• Grid Integration of Wind Turbine Systems and their Ancillary Services Participation
• Reliability of Distribution Systems with Dispersed Generation
• Protection, Detection, and Isolation of Faults in MV Networks in the Presence of Decentralized Production
• Load Control in the Management of Distribution Systems
• Decentralized Means of Production
• Connection to the Decentralized Production Network
• Busbars that  represent “electrical nodes”
• Network reliability determines the choice of  substation structure
• Concepts and constraints concerning the load
• Load characteristics
• Transmission and distribution systems operators
• Quality and reliability requirements and economical  impact
• Distributed generation
• Integration of new technologies
• Transfer on the electricity vector
• Desired evolution of the distribution system toward intelligent systems
• The link between investment and quality
• Financing mechanisms and investment actors of distribution systems

Electricity Distribution Network Design and Planning

• Characteristics of Distribution Networks
• Signal characteristics: voltage level and frequency
• Distribution networks structures
• Protection Plan
• Characteristics of loads
• Characteristics of faults
• Rules of connection
• Voltage levels and standards relative to proper
• functioning of North American-type distribution networks
• Protection of the electrical network
• Elements specific to the electrical network
• The Supply System
• The primary aim of the electricity supply system
• Planning distribution networks
• The planning and design of electricity distribution networks
• Strategic or long-term planning
• Major investments and the main network configurations
• Network planning or design vs. construction design

Network Design & Planning

• General Principles
• Plant & Circuit Ratings
• Project Design
• Fault Levels
• Short Circuit Rating
• Protection
• Interconnections
• Asset Replacement
• Costs
• Voltage Limits
• Load Balancing
• Load Flow
• System Assessments
• Reinforcement Methods
• Weather Corrections
• Load Growth Trends and Analysis
• Design and Planning V &  kV
• Plant & Ratings
• Parameters
• Interconnections
• Midterm and Long-Term Planning
• Plant & Cable Capacities
• Loadings & Voltage Drops
• Layout Designs
• Domestic & Commercial Supplies
• Industrial Supplies
• Planning Consent
• Legal Aspects
• Sensitive Areas
• Project Assignment
• Technical Considerations
• Technical Design
• Thermal Ratings
• Voltage Regulation
• Quality of Supply
• Calculations and Models
• Normal and abnormal operating conditions
• Effect of the loss of any item of equipment on the supplies to customers
• Quality of supply, e.g. voltage fluctuations
• Amount of time a customer may be off the supply
• Safety of the public and the utility staff
• Effect of transient and permanent system faults on both utility and customer-owned equipment
• Power Distribution Network Design
• Knee frequency (fknee)
• Target impedance (ztarget)
• Voltage regulator modules (vrms)
• Capacitors
• Plane capacitance
• Interconnection inductance
• Effectiveness of capacitors
• Methodologies for design
• Distribution general conditions
• Distribution planning code
• Distribution connection conditions
• Generator requirements
• 11 kV and 33 kV overhead line (pole lines) construction, rehabilitation, and maintenance
• 11 kV and 33 kV Underground Cable installation, operation, and maintenance
• 33/11 kV substation installation, testing, and commissioning
• 11/0.4 kV distribution transformer testing, repairs, and maintenance
• Reliability
  • Frequency of interruptions
  •  Duration of each interruption
  • Reliability of individual items of equipment, circuit length and loading, network configuration, distribution automation, load profile and available transfer capacity
  • Reliability aspects associated with the line equipment, including reclosers, sectionalizers, cutouts, series reactors, and current-limiting fuses
• Economic Principles
  • Asset
  • Technical and economic assessments
  • Use of the Distribution System
    • Structure of Distribution Code
    • Distribution General Conditions (DGC)
    • Distribution Planning Code (DPC)
    • Distribution Connection Conditions (DCC)
    • Distribution Operating Code (DOC)
    • Distribution Operating Code
      • Demand Forecasting
      • Operational Planning
      • Demand Control
      • Operational Communications and Liaison
      • Event Reporting
      • System Tests
      • Monitoring, Testing, and Investigation
      • Safety Co-ordination
    • Distribution Data Registration Code
      • Generating Unit Data
      • Demand Forecasts
      • Operational Planning
      • System Design Information
      • Load Characteristics
      • Required Equipment
        • HV networks and substations
          • High-voltage systems
          • The link between major transmission and medium voltage distribution systems
          •  single and multi-bus bar arrangement
          •  Large open-air layouts or low-volume metal-clad switchgear in purpose-designed buildings
          • Medium-voltage networks
            • Data  on the present networks, design objectives, cost parameters, and possible ways of reinforcement
            • Optimizing network configurations
            • Sophisticated network-design calculations
            • Quantitative information on the status of networks
            • Determining the most suitable future network configuration
            • Optimum circuit ratings.
            • Long-term planning and the study of network reliability
            • Co-operation in network planning and design

Workshops, Simulations, Case Studies, and Group Projects

• Capacity Planning Workshop
•  Forecasting
• Design Calculations

Various theoretical, technical, economic and operational factors to be considered when planning and designing electrical distribution systems

• Construction and operating characteristics of the main components installed on distribution networks
• Main features of transformers, lines, cables, and equipment
• Switchgear arrangements
• System Protection
• Electricity distribution network
• Requirements for safety for individual items of equipment, staff, and public, and the distribution network
• Automatic operation
• Isolating faults on the networks in a minimum time in order to minimize damage.
• Minimizing the costs of non-distributed energy
• Substations and Protection
• Switchgear
• Line Protection
• Plant Protection
• Generator Protection
• Transformer Protection
• Feeder Protection
• Bus Bar Protection

• MV systems for distribution
  • Use of a single higher-voltage system (- kV) to supply local LV networks directly
  • Interlink the HV and LV systems
  • Material and construction costs of – kV overhead lines
  • Costs of V line and  kV line
  • MV network between the EHV/HV and LV systems
  •  Costs of HV/MV substations
• Distribution substations and LV networks
  • Comparison of low-voltage networks and distribution systems operating at higher voltage levels
• Load data
  • Parameters affecting the network design and timing of major reinforcements,
  • Forecast load
  • Developing effective and reliable routines  d
  • Determining the losses for a particular section of the network
  • Peak demand for the utility
  • Loads on distribution circuits
  • Calculating system loadings on a statistical basis
  • Special loads
  • Irregularities in the supply voltage
  • Steel-making arc furnaces, welding equipment, induction furnaces, rolling mills, and colliery winders, and railway traction
  • Rapid variations in load currents and fluctuations in the voltage at customers’ intake points
• Load Control in the Management of Distribution Systems
  •  Objectives of load control for the distributor
  •  Controlled loads
  • Load control strategy: typical cycle
  •  Load control strategies
  • Impact of the load shedding duration
  •  Impact of the ensured supply back
  •  Load control length time and amount of power to reduce
  •  Optimized load control
  •  Implementation of the algorithm
  •  Results for the optimized approach
• Network voltage performance
  • The quality of the electricity supply
  • Sudden changes in voltage, rapid fluctuations, or unbalance of -phase voltages
  • Variations in frequency and the presence of non-linear system or load impedance
  • Transient spikes and surges may be propagated along circuits in a supply system

  Electricity Distribution Network Design Training Course Wrap-Up