LTE Location-Based Services Training

LTE is a fourth-generation mobile communication technology standardized by the 3GPP that enables support for broadband connectivity to mobile devices, permitting the delivery of demanding multimedia information to any device, anywhere, anytime. In support of this, changes to the core network are also defined as System Architecture Evolution (SAE), providing an all-IP bearer platform for the delivery of services.

This LTE Core Network Training course will provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the development, design, and capabilities of SAE. The LTE Core Network Training course will begin with a review of UMTS and HSPA evolution and the architecture of LTE/SAE. An in-depth study of the SAE core entities and their functionality, the interfaces, and the protocols used over those interfaces follows. Signaling and NAS procedures, interworking scenarios, and services are described.

The focus of the course then shifts to transport options for the deployment of LTE/SAE as next-generation network infrastructure. Carrier-class MPLS is described in detail. The course finishes by examining transport options for access, backhaul, and core network.

• LTE For Non-Engineers Training
• LTE Fundamentals Training
• LTE Air Interface Techniques Training
• LTE Capacity Planning Training
• LTE Functionality Training
• LTE Training In Depth
• LTE Core Network Training
• LTE Network Planning Training
• LTE Radio Access Training
• LTE Signaling Training
• LTE RF Engineering Training
• LTE Optimization Training
• LTE RF Network Design Training

Introduction to Location-Based Services

• What are Location-Based Services (LBS)?
• General Description of Location-Based Services
• Public Safety Services
• Emergency Services
• Commercial Services
• Accuracy requirements
• UE Positioning for Location-Based Services
• 3GPP Location Service (LCS)
• Traditional methods
• Global Positioning System
• Received Signal Strength
• Timing Advance
• Angle of Arrival
• Time of Arrival
• Observed Time Difference
• Generic LCS Logical Architecture
• 3GPP LCS Network Architecture in GERAN, UTRAN, and LTE

LTE  Location-Based Services (LBS)

• LTE System Architecture
• LTE Protocols
• General aspects of LTE positioning
• Principles of LTE Location-Based Services
• Global Navigation Satellite Systems
• Assisted Global Navigation Satellite Systems
• Issues with A-GNSS
• General aspects of LTE
• E-UTRA positioning network architecture
• Location Service Client (LCS)
• LCS Server (LS)
• LCS Target
• Supported positioning methods in LTE
• A-GNSS
• Downlink (OTDOA)
• Enhanced Cell ID
• Uplink (UTDOA)
• RF Pattern Matching
• UE-based Method
• UE-assisted Method
• eNB-assisted Method
• OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival )
• Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) measurement
• Positioning Reference Signals (PRS)
• eCID – Enhanced Cell ID
• Timing Advance (TDAV), Round Trip Time (RTT)
• Angle-of-Arrival (AoA) measurement
• LTE Location-Based Services Training

LTE Positioning Technologies

• Cell ID and Enhanced Cell ID
• Assisted Global Navigation Satellite Systems
• Observed Time Difference of Arrival
• Positioning Architecture in LTE Networks
• LTE Positioning Protocol
• Control Plane Positioning
• User Plane Positioning
• Area Event Triggering
• Emergency Positioning
• Support for Multi-Location Technologies

3GPP Location Services Categories

• Main concepts
• Timing Advance (TA)
• Time of Arrival (TOA) positioning mechanism
• Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD) positioning mechanism
• 45 Global Positioning System (GPS) positioning mechanism
• Positioning methods
• Standard LCS Methods in UTRAN
• Standard LCS Methods in GERAN
• Standard LCS Methods in E-UTRAN

Overview of LTE Positioning Terminology

• A-GPS (Assisted GPS)
• CID or Cell-ID (positioning method)
• CID or Cell-ID (positioning method)
• E-CID or Enhanced Cell-ID (positioning method)
• E-CID or Enhanced Cell-ID (positioning method)
• Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD)
• Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD)
• LCS Application Protocol (LCS-AP)
• LCS-AP (LCS Application Protocol)
• LP (LTE Positioning Protocol)
• MO-LR (Mobile Originated Location Request)
• MT-LR (Mobile Terminated Location Request)
• NI-LR (Network-Induced Location Request)
• OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival)
• OTDOA (Observed Time Difference Of Arrival)
• PMD (Pseudonym mediation device functionality)
• PPR (Privacy Profile Register)
• R-GMLC (Requesting-Gateway Mobile Location Centre)
• SUPL (Secure User Plane Location)
• TA (Timing Advanced)
• U-TDOA (Uplink Time Difference Of Arrival)
• UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator)
• WGS (World Geodetic System)

LTE Positioning System Nodes

• Supported positioning methods in LTE
• E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network)
• MLC (Mobile Location Center)
• E-SMLC (Evolved Serving Mobile Location Centre)
• GML (Gateway Mobile Location Center)
• GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System)
• H-GMLC (Home-Gateway Mobile Location Centre)
• LCS (Location Services)
• MLC (Mobile Location Center)
• MLP (Mobile Location Protocol)
• MPC (Mobile Positioning Center)
• Role of Mobile Management Entity (MME)
• SET (SUPL Enabled Terminal)
• SLP (SUPL Location Platform)
• V-GMLC (Visited-Gateway Mobile Location Centre)

LTE Location-Based Services Training – Location Services (LCS) architecture

• LCS access interfaces
• LCS Functional diagram, high-level functions
• LCS Client functional group
• External Location Client Function (LCF)
• LCS Server functional group
• Client handling component
• Location Client Control Function (LCCF)
• Location Client Authorization Function (LCAF)
• Access Subfunction
• Subscription Subfunction
• Location Client Co-ordinate Transformation Function (LCCTF)
• Location Client Zone Transformation Function (LCZTF)
• System handling component
• Location System Control Function(LSCF)
• Location System Billing Function (LSBF)
• Location System Operations Function (LSOF)
• Location System Broadcast Function (LSBcF)
• Location System Co-ordinate Transformation Function (LSCTF)
• Location IMS – Interworking Function (LIMS-IWF)
• Subscriber handling Component
• Location Subscriber Authorization Function (LSAF)
• Location Subscriber Translation Function (LSTF)
• Location Subscriber Privacy Function (LSPF)
• Positioning components
• Information Flows between the Client and Server
• Location Service Request
• Location Service Response
• Information Flows between LCS Servers
• Location Service Request
• Location Service Response
• Optimized Lgd Procedure
• Schematic functional description of LCS operations
• Allocation of LCS functions to network elements
• Functional description of LCS per network element
• Access Network
• LCS Clients, LCS applications, and Requestors
• Gateway Mobile Location Centre, GMLC
• Location Retrieval Function, LRF
• LCS support in the UE
• Privacy Profile Register, PPR
• Pseudonym Mediation Device, PMD
• Mobility Management Entity, MME
• Evolved Serving Mobile Location Centre, E-SMLC
• Addressing the target UE for LCS purposes
• Verinyms for the target UE
• Pseudonyms for the target UE
• Non-dialable callback numbers
• Quality of Service Information
• LCS QoS Class
• Best Effort Class
• Assured Class

LTE Positioning Protocols

• LPP ( Location Positioning Protocol)
• C-Plane LPP
• U-Place RRLP/LPP
• LPP messages and information
• UE positioning capability information transfer to the E-SMLC
• Positioning assistance data delivery from the E-SMLC to the UE
• Location information transfer
• Session management
• Error handling and abort functions
• LLP over C-Plane
• MO-LR
• Mobile Originated Location Request
• MT-LR
• Mobile Terminated Location Request
• NI-LR
• Network-Induced Location Request
• SUPL (Secure User Plane)
• Secure User Plane Location (SUPL)
• Secure: Encrypted IP connection
• SSL (TLS1.0 or 1.1) with pre-shared certificates
• User Plane:
• IP communication via SUPL Enabled Terminal (SET)
• SUPL Location Platform (SLP)
• MT-SMS
• WAP-Push
• UDP Push
• SIP Push Location: position calculation, A-GNSS

LTE Positioning Protocols

• C-Plane
• Positioning reference signals (PRS).
• LCS-AP Message Transport
• LCS-AP Timers
• Timers of LCS-AP
• Protocol Layering
• SCTP Associations
• LCS-AP Procedures
• LCS-AP Procedures
• Location Service Request
• Successful Operation
• Unsuccessful Operation
• Abnormal Conditions
• Location Information Exchange
• Connection Oriented Information Transfer
• Connectionless Information Transfer
• Exception Procedures
• Location Abort
• Error Handling
• Functions
• Control Place GMLC and E-SMLC
• Location Methods
• Cell
• AoA + TD
• OTDOA
• A-GPS/A-GNSS
• GMLC Interfaces
• LTE: SLg, SLh, Sh, Ro and Rf
• Diameter Support for LTE (SLg + SLh)

LTE Location-Based Services Training – Signaling and Interfaces

• LCS signaling between Access and Core Networks for GERAN and UTRAN access networks
• Core network Location Request
• Location Report
• LCS signaling between Access and Core Networks for E-UTRAN access networks
• Core network Measurement Request
• Location Measurement Report
• Um, Uu and Uu-LTE Interfaces
• MAP Interfaces
• Lpp interface
• LCS Authorisation Request
• LCS Authorisation Response
• LCS Privacy Profile Update notification
• LCS Privacy Profile Update notification ack
• Lid interface
• LCS Identity Request
• LCS Identity Response
• IMS related Interfaces
• Dh Interface
• Sh Interface
• Ml Interface
• SLG Interface
• SLS Interface
• SLh Interface
• SLM Interface
• Lgd Interface

LTE Location Protocol (LPP)

• Functionality of Protocol
• LPP Configuration
• LPP Sessions and Transactions
• LPP Position Methods
• LPP Messages
• Common LPP Session Procedure
• LPP Transport
• Transport Layer Requirements
• LPP Duplicate Detection
• LPP Acknowledgement
• LPP Retransmission
• LPP Procedures
• Procedures related to capability transfer
• Procedures related to Assistance Data Transfer
• Procedures related to Location Information Transfer
• Error Handling Procedures
• LPP Error Detection
• Abort Procedure

LTE Positioning Information Elements

• Message Types
• Location Type
• E-CGI
• LCS Client Type
• LCS Priority
• LCS QoS
• UE Positioning Capability
• Include Velocity
• IMSI and IMEI
• Geographic Area
• Positioning Data
• Velocity Estimate
• Accuracy Fulfillment Indicator
• LCS Cause
• Payload Type
• APDU
• Network Element
• Return Error Request
• Return Error Cause
• Altitude and direction
• Geographical Coordinates
• Uncertainty Ellipse
• Horizontal Speed and Bearing
• Vertical Velocity
• PLMN Identity
• Correlation ID
• eNB ID
• LCS Service Type ID
• Cell Portion ID

LTE Location-Based Services Training – Types of Location Request

• Immediate Location Request
• Deferred Location Request
• Types of event
• Concurrent Location Requests

LTE Location-Based Services Training Course Recap, Q/A, and Evaluations